Leptospiral jaundice in dogs (yellows) / by C,C, Okell, T. Dalling, and L.P. Pugh.

  • Okell, C. C. (Charles Cyril), 1888-1939.
Date:
1925
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Leptospiral jaundice in dogs (yellows) / by C,C, Okell, T. Dalling, and L.P. Pugh. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    stained saliva may be discharged from the mouth. Punctate haemor¬ rhages may be seen under the arms. The subcutaneous fat is icteric. The peritoneum may appear normal or may show punctate haemor¬ rhages, either discrete or confluent, forming red patches on an icteric background. The peritoneal fluid may appear normal, or may be bloodstained and increased in amount. All the abdominal blood¬ vessels are markedly congested. The stomach in many cases appears normal, in others it shows petechiae, which may involve any part, including the pylorus. Occasionally the whole of the stomach is affected. These haemorrhages are seen from the exterior of the stomach, and can be shown by dissection to be both subserous and submucous, In cases of sudden death, the stomach may contain coagulated blood. The intestines usually show varying degrees of inflammation, varying from bright red to a dark blue or almost black colour. Petechiae may be seen in any part of the small or large intestine, and are submucous and subserous. Large portions or even the whole of the intestine may be thus affected. The small intestine suffers more than the large, and the jejunum and ileum more than the duodenum. Intussusceptions are very frequent, and occur chiefly in the small intestine ; a prolapse of the rectum was seen in one case. The liver is usually enlarged and congested, or on the other hand it may be pale and icteric. The gall bladder usually contains much bile. The kidneys may be congested or may be pale and icteric. Petechial haemorrhages may be present in the cortex. The urinary bladAer usually contains some bile-stained urine. The bladder wall may show punctate haemorrhages. The lungs in all cases show a very charac¬ teristic appearance. Bright red, punctate haemorrhages are found scattered all over the surface, and are present in the substance of the lung. They may be small and discrete, or consist of irregular areas up to an inch in diameter. When such lesions are few in number, they are found mostly near the thin margins of the lung, In some i cases a few lesions only can be found, in others the whole lung is involved. The pleura, pericardium, and endocardium may appear normal or show haemorrhages. Exudates of a serous or sero-fibrinous character i may be found in the pleural and pericardial cavities. There may be small haemorrhages in the heart muscle. The spleen, pancreas, and' thyroid are usually normal in appearance. The suprarenals, though a often apparently normal to the naked eye, generally contain haemor- .. rhages in their substance. The thymus may appear normal or mayji contain petechiae. The lymphatic glands of the thorax and abdomen i are almost invariably enlarged, dark, and haemorrhagic ; all glands j