The Woodhall or Iodine Spa, Lincolnshire / by Robert Cuffe.

  • Cuffe, Robert.
Date:
1868
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The Woodhall or Iodine Spa, Lincolnshire / by Robert Cuffe. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    structure in the form of a cross, consisting of a square tower, a nave with five arches on a side and eight clerestory windows placed in pairs, a transept and a choir. On the north side is a porch, on which are sculptured the arms of William of Waynflete, Bishop of Winchester; there were formerly two porches on the south side also hearing the arms of the same bishop, but these have been some time since removed. Over the great eastern window is a richly ornamented niche, in which a statue once stood ; the wall above the western door is likewise ornamented with thirteen blank shields. The cloisters, which were on the south side of the chancel, are entirely demolished. The windows of the choir were once enriched with beautiful stained glass, which was removed in the year 1754. The choir, left thus unprotected, fell into decay. It was restored by Earl Fortescue. The windows of the nave and transept were also enriched with stained glass, a few fine fragments of which are preserved in two of the transept windows. Geology.—Although the Soke of Horncastle does not possess much variety in its geological structure, yet a considerable diversity is to be found in the formation of the adjacent elevated country called the Wolds. The tract of marsh land between the sea and the wolds consists principally of un¬ stratified clay, with admixtures of sand and various marine deposits. These circumstances, together with the old sea banks, evidence that this mass of earth has been left by the gradual receding of the ocean. On the west of these marshes is the rough elevated denudation of chalk which forms the highest stratum of the wolds, and gently dips underneath the marshes; for in boring them for water, the chalk is always found of two colours, white and red, each lying in regular strata, which alternate frequently. The stratum below the chalk is a coarse brown pebbly sand consisting of quartz and oxide of iron. Beneath the sand is a bed about fourteen yards in thickness, containing equal proportions of oolite, limestone, and calcareous clay of light