On the myology of the terrestrial carnivora. Pt. I. Muscles of the head, neck, and fore-limb / by B.C.A. Windle and F.G. Parsons.

  • Windle, Bertram C. A. (Bertram Coghill Alan), 1858-1929.
Date:
1897
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the myology of the terrestrial carnivora. Pt. I. Muscles of the head, neck, and fore-limb / by B.C.A. Windle and F.G. Parsons. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    (64), while iu Mustela putorius (65) and Lidra (74, 77, 78) it reaches as low as the third quarter. In Meles {72, 73), however, it only goes as far as the middle of the radius. Extensor ossis metacarpipollicis.—This inusclo is always present in Carnivora and is constant in its attachments ; it rises from the dorsal surfaces of the radius and ulna, especially tlie latter, and is inserted into the base of the metacarpal bone of the pollex and often into the radial sesamoid bone near it. In Procyon lotor (53) and Gulictis barbara (64) slips were given to the trapezium. In the former animal and in Viverra civetta (12) the highest fibres rose as far up as the olecranon. Extensor cUgitorum profundns.—Instead of describing the extensor secuudi iuternodii pollicis and extensor indicis as two separate muscles, we have found it more convenient to follow the example set in Bronn’s ‘ Thierreich and to speak of them under the above heading. We do not propose to include the extensor ossis metacarpi pollicis with the other two, as it is not an extensor of a digit but of a metacarpnl bone. The extensor primi iuternodii we have never seen in the Carnivora. The origin of the extensor ])rofundus is from the dorsal surface of the ulna, below that of the extensor ossis metacarpi pollicis, as well as, sometimes, from the dorsal surface of the radius. In the Felidae the muscle goes to the pollex and index as a rule; this is the case in Felis leo (1), F. tigris (3), F.giardus (4), and F. catus (6). In Gyncehmis (9), however, no slip goes to the iudex. Among the Viverridae the insertion is very constant and is the same as it is in most of the Felidae : Crypto- procta (10), Viverra civetta (12, 13), Viverricula malaccensis (15), Genetta (16), Paradoxurus (19, 20), and Herpestes (24). In Pro- teles (25) it is inserted into the third digit only. Among the Hyajnidae there is no tendon for the aborted pollex; in Hyama striata the muscle went to the third digit only in Meckel’s specimen (27), to the second and third in Cuvier and Laurillard’s (28), and to the second, third, and fourth in Young’s (26). In H. crocuta it went to the second only. The Canidae resemble the Hyaenidae in the feebleness of the slip to the pollex. Out of three specimens of Cams familiaris it went to the first and second in one (37); to the second, with a very feeble slip to the pollex, in another (31); and to the second digit only in a third (39). In Q. aureus (41) Macalister found an extensor secundi internodii, but no extensor indicis, while iu G. lagopxis (42) a very feeble extensor indicis alone was present. Among the Ursidoe, Windle and Shepherd found no index sh]) in Ursus americanvs (48, 49), but in Cuvier and Laurillard’s specimen (.52) it went to the pollex aud index. In U. arctos (47) and U. mariiimus (45) it had the same insertion. Among the Pro- cyonidio the muscle is more constant; it goes to the first and second digits in Procyon lotor (53), P. cancrivorus (57), Fasua (60, 60 a) (in the former (60) the two muscles were quite distinct as far as t leii origin), and in Gercolejotes (61). In two other specimens of 1. Lotor (o4, 56) the insertion was into the pollex, index, and ' Sechbter Eaml, V. Abthoilung; 37-39 Licfcrung, p. 8JG.