Manual of practical anatomy / by D.J. Cunningham.

  • Cunningham, D. J. (Daniel John), 1850-1909
Date:
1907
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Manual of practical anatomy / by D.J. Cunningham. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    visible projection ; and the spines of the first two dorsal vertebrae are likewise very prominent. As a rule, the most evident of the three is that of the first dorsal vertebra. At a lower level, in subjects of good muscular development, a mesial furrow is produced by the prominence of the erector spinas muscle on each side, and the spines of the vertebrae may then be felt at the bottom of the groove. The furrow attains its greatest depth in the upper part of the lumbar region, and it fades away below at the level of the spine of the third sacral vertebra. The finger should next be passed along the crest of the ilium as it pursues its sigmoid course forwards and outwards. The highest point of the iliac crest corresponds in level with the spine of the fourth lumbar vertebra, and the posterior superior spine of the ilium can be easily detected, seeing that its position is indicated by a small but distinct depression or dimple on a level with the second sacral spine. The scapula is for the most part thickly covered by muscles; but, in spite of this, its general outline can be made out. The scapula covers a considerable area of the upper portion of the chest-wall on its posterior aspect. With the hand by the side its superior angle lies over the second intercostal space, the root of its spine is placed opposite the spine of the third dorsal vertebra, whilst its inferior angle reaches down as far as the seventh, or even the eighth, rib. The scapula is very mobile, and moves to a greater or less degree with every movement of the limb. The spine and acromion process of the scapula are subcutaneous throughout. Below the scapula the lower five ribs can be felt, and the tip of the last rib can be made out to reach a point about two inches above the iliac crest. DISSECTION OF THE BACK. In this dissection the following are the parts which require to be examined :— 1. The cutaneous vessels and nerves of the back. 2. The trapezius muscle. 3. The latissimus dorsi muscle. 4. The rhomboid muscles and their nerve of supply. 5. The levator anguli scapula; muscle.