Pulmonary consumption; its etiology, pathology and treatment : with an analysis of 1000 cases to exemplify its duration and modes of arrest / by C. J. B. Williams and Charles Theodore Williams.

  • Williams, Charles J. B. (Charles James Blasius), 1805-1889.
Date:
1887
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Pulmonary consumption; its etiology, pathology and treatment : with an analysis of 1000 cases to exemplify its duration and modes of arrest / by C. J. B. Williams and Charles Theodore Williams. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library at Yale University, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library at Yale University.

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    PAOl CHAPTER IV. THE BACILLUS TUBERCULOSIS. History of the discovery—Inoculation experiments of Laennec, Villemin, Simon, Marcet, Andrew Clark, and Lebert proved the specific nature of tubercle—Demet's human inoculation—Experiments of Sanderson, Wilson Fox, Waldenburg, Cohnheim, Fraenkel, and Schottelius nega- tived the conclusion of specificity—Klebs's suggestions—Test experi- ments of Koch, Cohnheim, Fraenkel, Salomonsen, Baumgarten, Watson Cheyne, and Dawson Williams confirm the specific nature of tubercle— Koch's discovery of the tubercle bacillus by a series of cultivations— Great success of his inoculations—Results dependent on number of bacilli in fluid, and mode of inoculation—Injections under skin and into veins—Inhalation of tubercular spray—Methods of staining tubercle bacillus: Koch's—Baumgarten's—Ehrlich's—Heneage GibbeB' double stain—The Weigert-Ehrlich method—Ziehl's modification— Gram's plan 25 CHAPTER V. THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS (continued). Size, form, external membrane and spores—Presence in sputum, blood, urine, fa;ces of consumptive patients—Its detection in tubercular and scrofulous lesions, in lupus, in milk of tubercular cows, in air of hos- pitals—Dr. Bansome's and author's inquiries—Baumgarten's experi- ments on rabbit's eye—Veragut's and Bibbert's inoculations—Bacillus in pulmonary lesions—Its relation to miliary tuberculosis, caseation, and fibrosis—Tubercle bacilli and giant cells—Four channels of bacillar infection—Ptomaines—The micrococcus tetragenus . . . .36 CHAPTER VI. PATHOLOGY OF CONSUMPTION. Relation of tubercle bacillus to the four histological elements—Part due to irritation of organism—Protecting influence of fibrosis—Entry of bacilli through inhalation—Amount of lesion dependent on their number and fitness of soil —How the bacilli perish—Cavities—Cause of apex excavation—Frequency of cavities in dorso-axillary and mam- mary regions—Secondary caverns, mode of formation—Contraction of cavities, and resulting changes—Expansion of healthy lung—Displace- ment of neighbouring organs—Of heart, liver, stomach and spleen— Changes in pleura—Collapse of chest wall—Spinal curvature—Cause of vagrancy of cavernous sounds 47