Stone in the bladder : lithotomy in the infant and the child ; crushing the stone in the adult and old, with the application of lithotomy to each, in certain cases, practically considered / by Richard G. Butcher.

  • Butcher, Richard G. H., 1819-1891.
Date:
1870
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Stone in the bladder : lithotomy in the infant and the child ; crushing the stone in the adult and old, with the application of lithotomy to each, in certain cases, practically considered / by Richard G. Butcher. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.

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    Tables showing some of the varieties in those parts concerned in the Operation of Lithotomy in the Child, the Adult, and the Old Man. Axes of the Pelvis, contrasted In the Child, the Adult, and Old Age Child Adult Old Age The superior aperture looks much more di- rectly forward than in the adult. Axis of inferior aper- ture much more back- wards than after pu- berty. Axis of superior aperture marked by a line from the vicinity of the umbilicus downwards to the os cocyx. Axis of inferior aperture passes upwards and slightly backwards through the mid- space between the tuberosi- ties of the ischia to the pro- montary of the sacrum. The superior aperture looks ag<ain more di- rectly forwards, like the child. Axis of inferior aperture inclines backwards, as explained, more con- siderably than in the adult. Conditions of the Rectum contrasted in the Child, the Adult, and Old Age Child Adult Old Age Peritoneum very low— on rectum—at birth within an inch of the anus, even up to five, a very trifling inter- val after this, dis- tance increases pari passu, with the de- velopment of the in- ferior fundus of the bladder. The rectum presents in its course a very faintly marked curve forwards—indeed al- most straight. No dilatation of the rectum above the sphincters in the child. Peritoneum covering of rec- tum, or cul de sac of perito- neum, about three inches and a half from the anus, when bladder in state of repletion. Varieties are described when the serous membrane extended to with- in two inches of the anus, though the bladder dis- tended. The course of the rectum in its upper thirds correspond to the curves of the sacrum, while inferiorly it turns backwards as it were around the front of the cocyx; there- fore concave above, convex inferiorly. Shape of rectum somewhat cylindrical; slightly dilated below, and well marked constriction where grasped by the sphincters. The prostate being gene- rally enlarged, sustains the peritoneum, and as it were lifts it up from the anterior wall of the bowel below. Rectum increased in length ; sometimes in- flected from side to side, and cavity gene- rally dilated. In old age rectum often greatly enlarged, and cylindrical form gone; distended so as to em- brace in its anterior wall the prostate and vesicute, and assuming more of a pyramidal form, the base below. A wide range of information is conveyed to the sui'geon on examination through the rectum by the finger, in the adult and old subject, as contrasted with that in the infant and the child. By