A digest of metabolism experiments in which the balance of income and outgo was determined / by W.O. Atwater and C.F. Langworthy.

  • Atwater, W. O. (Wilbur Olin), 1844-1907
Date:
1898
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A digest of metabolism experiments in which the balance of income and outgo was determined / by W.O. Atwater and C.F. Langworthy. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    17/442 (page 13)
    lu 1861 > and, later, in 1876,2 Wolff publislied summaries of experimental inquiry in these lines, which had been made up to that time on the feed- ing of domestic animals. In 1881 Voit published his Physiologie da allgemeinen Stofficechsels und der PJrnUhritngj’’^ in which the subject of metabolisiu is very thoroughly treated from a physiological stand- point. A great deal of historical and critical information is included, and a large number of experiments with man and animals are quoted in more or less detail. A similar treatise, from a somewhat different standpoint, was published in 1886 by Munk and Utfelmanu.^ j\ brief review of the subject and its literature was also published by MunkMn 1889. In 1893 von Noorden® published a volume, in which the subject of metabolism is exhaustively treated from the standpoint of health and disease. A large number of experiments are quoted in detail, and an extended bibliography of the subject is given. SCOPE AND PLAN OF THIS COMPILATION. In the present compilation the attempt was made to collect as many as possible of the experiments in which the metabolic balance was determined. In most cases this means the balance of nitrogen or nitro- gen and carbon. In a number of experiments the balance of phos- phorus, sulphur, or other mineral matter was also determined. The experiments were made with men, women, and children, and with cattle, dogs, sheep, and other animals. A total of 3,661 individual tests or averages is included. Of these 2,299 were made with man, 383 with cattle and horses, 928 with sheep, dogs, and other domestic quadrupeds, and 51 with x)oultry and doves. In 2,234 tests with man and 1,156 with animals the nitrogen balance was determined, and in 65 with man and 206 with animals the balance of carbon and nitrogen was determined. A few experiments have been made with such insects as silkworms,'^ bees,® etc. However, no attempt was made to include them in the present compilation. > The experiments with men, women, and children were made under various conditions of health and disease; those with animals were usually made for a study of various economic problems. In compiling the results the plan followed was to divide the experiments made with man, in which the nitrogen balance, with or without the balance of mineral matter, was determined, into two general classes, (1) those in ‘Die landwirtschaftliche Fiitterungslehre und Thcorie der Meusehlicheii Eruiih- rung. ‘•‘Die Erniihrung der landwirtschaftliclien Nutztbiere. 3 Hermann’s Haudbucli der Pbysiologie, Vol. VI. Munk and Uifelmanu’s Erniibrung des gesuuden und kranken Menscben. ®Real-Encyclopiidie der gesammten Heilkunde, vol. 19, pp. 148-167. “Lebrbucb der Patbologie des Stoffwecbsels. ’Peligot, Compt. Rend., 61 (1865), p. 866; Ann. Cbim. et Pbys., 12 (1867), p. •i*t5. “Dumas and Milne-Edwards, Ann. Cbim. et Pbys., ser. 3,14, p. 400; ser. 2,14 (1820), p. 89; 22, p. 35. Compt. Rend., 17 (1843), p. 631.