The geographical distribution of heart disease and dropsy, cancer in females & phthisis in females, in England and Wales.

  • Haviland, Alfred, -1903.
Date:
1875
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The geographical distribution of heart disease and dropsy, cancer in females & phthisis in females, in England and Wales. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by King’s College London. The original may be consulted at King’s College London.

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    facilitate the passage of a hill volume of sea air from the coast far inland. On the coast of the North-Western division we see that the Cheshire and Lancashire coasts are comparatively low, and contain two considerable inlets,— the mouths of the Dee and Mersey, besides those of the Kibble and Morecambe Bay, the latter of which are open to the south-westerly gales, and the former to those from the north-west; they open also into low undulating new red sandstone vales of great width, a feature which must not be forgotten. On The East Coast. . the east coast we find the Last Hiding of 1 orkshrre presenting a grand, precipitous, and protecting barrier of oolitic rocks, to the sea; but from the Chalk Cliff of Flamborough Head to the mouth of the Thames the coast is low, and admits everywhere a full play of sea air from almost any quarter that it may blow. The sea inlets on the eastern side are also considerable. Yorkshire shares with Durham the inlet of the Tees, one of great importance: it has its analogue in that of the western river Dee, opening, as it does, into a new red sandstone country, and having its course directed to the sea by the hills which form the watershed of a more southerly river system. The rivers of the Cleveland Hills north of the eastern Moorlands, nearly all open into the German Ocean, in the direct axis of its sea winds and tidal wave. The next great sea inlet is that of the mouth of the Humber, which continues into the flat alluvial, and new sandstone vale of York, where the rivers from Yorkshire and the Midland Counties meet after traversing broad vales which give access to the afflux of wind from the German Ocean, and admit of their being swept by the north- westerly and south-westerly winds. The next great inlet is the Wash, its low coast and extensive alluvial flats admit of air flushing in all directions; and lastly, we have the grand tidal Thames on which the London Division (I.) lies, whose mouth is the termination of one of the broadest and most extensive vales in England, stretching as it does from the extreme points of the coasts of Essex and Kent to the middle of Berkshire. Recapitulation. 1°. England and Wales are divided into eleven Registration Divisions. 2°. Two only of these divisions are strictly Midland (III. and VI.), Becapituiation. whilst all the other nine have an extensive coast line. 3°. The two Midland Divisions (III. and VI.) have a mortality from Heart Disease and Dropsy above the average. 4°. Of the nine Coastal Divisions three (II., V., X.) have a high rate of mortality from Heart Disease and Dropsy, and six a low rate (I., IV., VII., VIII., IX., XI.). 5°. The low mortality in two-thirds of the Coastal Divisions is suggestive that proximity to the sea coast, and the winds directly received from the ocean, may influence the causes of Heart Disease. 6°. Three of the Coastal Divisions, however, having a high mortality and an extensive sea-board, it was necessary to compare the characters of the respective coast-lines in order to ascertain what were coincident with high and what with low mortality, on the principle that the effects of a climatic element with regard to the causation of disease must be