concept

Shadow of a DNA double helix on sequencing output

Genetics frame of reference - the size of various genetic components, including DNA, a base pair, various sizes of deletions, chromosomes and genes are listed and compared with more familiar objects such as the Solar System, planets, cities, hospitals, wards, and so on.

DNA double helix and sequencing output

DNA sequencing autoradiograph showing the researcher's annotations.

DNA double helix

DNA sequencing. This method of DNA sequencing is called di-deoxy sequencing. It is used to determine the order of bases (A,C,G and T) in a piece of DNA using radioactively-labelled modified nucleotides. They are then separated by electrophoresis in a polyacrylamide gel and detected on x-ray film by a process called autoradiography.

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Shadow of a DNA double helix on sequencing output

DNA double helix

DNA sequencing autoradiograph showing the researcher's annotations.

DNA double helix and sequencing output